{"id":34316,"date":"2018-11-05T16:50:11","date_gmt":"2018-11-05T09:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/?p=34316"},"modified":"2022-08-26T11:56:11","modified_gmt":"2022-08-26T04:56:11","slug":"loi-khuyen-danh-cho-thai-phu-co-nhom-mau-hiem-rh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/loi-khuyen-danh-cho-thai-phu-co-nhom-mau-hiem-rh.html","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho thai ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh-"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n v\u1eeba qua, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 t\u00ean P.T.X.T (SN 1984; ng\u1ee5 B\u1ebfn Tre)\u00a0mang thai l\u1ea7n 2, sinh h\u00fat v\u00ec r\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, b\u0103ng huy\u1ebft sau sinh v\u1edbi m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm AB\/Rh(-) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin. Theo BV T\u1eeb D\u0169, sau g\u1ea7n 20 gi\u1edd c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u v\u00e0\u00a0truy\u1ec1n cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 g\u1ed3m: 4 t\u00fai m\u00e1u O\/Rh(-)\u00a0(350ml\/t\u00fai), 3 t\u00fai m\u00e1u AB\/Rh(-)\u00a0(350ml\/t\u00fai), 10 t\u00fai huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh (150ml\/t\u00fai), 10 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u1ea1nh, 2 t\u00fai ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u th\u00ec ch\u1ecb X.T \u0111\u00e3 qua c\u01a1n nguy k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb P.T.X.T, c\u00e1c ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5p th\u1ecfm lo v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang trong m\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm (Rh-), \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd\u00a0mang nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 “b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng chi\u0309 la\u0300 b\u0103n kho\u0103n cu\u0309a ca\u0301c thai phu\u0323 ma\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0300u ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i cu\u0303ng kha\u0301 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nho\u0301m ma\u0301u hi\u00ea\u0301m na\u0300y. V\u1eady nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh(D) \u00e2m t\u00ednh (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft Rh-) c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng lo kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> Sau \u0111\u00e2y, Kids Plaza xin chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh-:<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh- l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh-<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong hai nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh. Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p (<0,1%) trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm n\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y <0,01%. Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh- chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 0,04% – 0,07% , nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

Theo ThS. Tr\u00e2\u0300n Ngo\u0323c Qu\u00ea\u0301<\/strong>, Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng khoa Hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1u (Vi\u1ec7n HH&TM T.\u01af)<\/em>, h\u1ec7 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 50 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 5 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m: D, C, c, E, e. Kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean D l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec t\u00ednh sinh kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh (kho\u1ea3ng 50% – 80% ng\u01b0\u1eddi Rh(D) \u00e2m t\u00ednh nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u Rh d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd sinh kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng D). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean D tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh d\u01b0\u01a1ng (hay Rh(D) d\u01b0\u01a1ng); Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean D tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh \u00e2m (hay Rh(D) \u00e2m). C\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y do 3 c\u1eb7p allen li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 nhau tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Dd, Cc, Ee, c\u00e1c gen n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u gen c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 Rh.<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh-, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thai nhi<\/h2>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thai nhi, nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tai bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, n\u1ebfu thai nhi l\u00e0 Rh(D) d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1eb9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean D (anti-D). Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 thai \u0111\u1ea7u \u00edt c\u00f3 tai bi\u1ebfn cho thai nhi. L\u1ea7n c\u00f3 thai sau, n\u1ebfu thai v\u1eabn l\u00e0 Rh(D) th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy c\u01a1 anti-D t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nhau thai, sang m\u00e1u thai nhi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thai nhi. Tu\u1ef3 theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0ng da s\u01a1 sinh, s\u1ea9y thai hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thai ch\u1ebft l\u01b0u… Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh- sinh con thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, an to\u00e0n, nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 sinh t\u1edbi con th\u1ee9 ba nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecb Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng (nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u B-), ch\u1ecb Nga (nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u O-),..<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u00f3i chung n\u00ean quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n mang nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh-, n\u00ean th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1m, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh khi c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh- mang thai n\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thai ngh\u00e9n t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 nh\u01b0: b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u m\u1eb9 con<\/a><\/strong>; truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u Rh- khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm n\u00ean tham gia hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f9ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng Anti \u2013 D \u1edf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh-<\/h2>\n

– Trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thai k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 Rh(D) \u00e2m t\u00ednh, b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng Anti \u2013 D c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>\n

+ Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, c\u1ea7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 mang nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh(-) hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng) c\u1ee7a thai nhi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh(-) c\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 Rh(-) th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng anti-D. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a thai nhi c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh(+) th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch D. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0: Theo d\u00f5i thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u thai nhi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng D 2 tu\u1ea7n\/l\u1ea7n cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5; hi\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng D \u00e2m t\u00ednh th\u00ec d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng anti-D.<\/p>\n

+ Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng anti-D nh\u01b0 sau: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang thai: c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nhau; C\u00e1ch 1: 2 li\u1ec1u anti-D IgG 500 IU – 625 IU v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 28 v\u00e0 34 c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3 (N\u1ebfu ti\u00eam anti-D v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n 28 th\u00ec tu\u1ea7n 34 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eam lu\u00f4n anti-D m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i). C\u00e1ch 2: ti\u00eam 1 li\u1ec1u anti-D IgG 1500 IU duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 28 c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

+ B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau sinh, ti\u00eam anti-D IgG 500IU \u2013 1500 IU trong v\u00f2ng 72 gi\u1edd sau khi sinh (n\u1ebfu con sinh ra c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh(D) d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh- l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh- c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sinh ho\u1ea1t, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh+ (tr\u00ean 99% ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam mang nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u Rh+). C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh- v\u1eabn sinh con kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Do v\u1eady, nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm Rh- kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u, bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh m\u1eb9 b\u1ea7u h\u00e3y \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c vitamin gi\u00fap cung c\u1ea5p vitamin v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho thai k\u00ec kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n v\u1eeba qua, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 t\u00ean P.T.X.T (SN 1984; ng\u1ee5 B\u1ebfn Tre)\u00a0mang thai l\u1ea7n 2, sinh h\u00fat v\u00ec r\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, b\u0103ng huy\u1ebft sau sinh v\u1edbi m\u00e1u hi\u1ebfm AB\/Rh(-) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng tin. Theo BV T\u1eeb D\u0169, sau g\u1ea7n 20 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":34335,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[18],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34316"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34316"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":57220,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34316\/revisions\/57220"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kidsplaza.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}